Matthew study section

Matthew setting & dates

Matthew moves from Bethlehem and Galilee to Jerusalem, and out to all nations.

The setting

Matthew’s Gospel unfolds across the land of Israel under Roman rule in the early first century AD. It opens in the south, in Judea: Jesus is born in Bethlehem, the city of David, a few miles from Jerusalem, and the family’s flight carries them to Egypt and back before settling in Nazareth. Most of Jesus’ public ministry then takes place far to the north, in Galilee, around the towns ringing the Sea of Galilee (Capernaum, which becomes His base, Chorazin, and Bethsaida) as well as journeys to the Gentile regions of Tyre and Sidon and to Caesarea Philippi at the foot of Mount Hermon.

The Gospel’s geography moves with deliberate purpose toward Jerusalem. From the midpoint on, Jesus “sets his face” to the holy city, and the final chapters center there: the triumphal entry from the Mount of Olives, the teaching and confrontations in the temple, the Last Supper in an upper room, the agony in the Garden of Gethsemane, the trials, and the crucifixion at Golgotha just outside the walls, with the burial and resurrection nearby. The Gospel ends back in the north, on a mountain in Galilee, where the risen Christ commissions His disciples and turns their eyes outward to “all nations,” from that one hillside to the ends of the earth.

Where it happened

The Great SeaChinnerethSalt SeaGALILEESAMARIAJUDEAPEREAup to JerusalemNazarethCapernaumCanaBethsaidaCaesarea PhilippiNainSycharJerichoBethanyJerusalemBethlehem02550miles
Most of the ministry happens inside a region a traveller could cross in three days. Capernaum to Jerusalem is about ninety miles, and the road between them, through or around Samaria, is the journey all four Gospels keep making.
PlaceWhat happened thereSee it today
NazarethWhere he grew up (Luke 2:39-40)Open in Google Maps
CapernaumHis base in Galilee (Matthew 4:13)Open in Google Maps
CanaWater into wine (John 2:1-11)Open in Google Maps
BethsaidaFeeding of the five thousand (Luke 9:10)Open in Google Maps
Caesarea PhilippiYou are the Christ (Matthew 16:13-16)Open in Google Maps
NainThe widow's son raised (Luke 7:11-17)Open in Google Maps
SycharThe woman at the well (John 4:5-6)Open in Google Maps
JerichoZacchaeus, and blind Bartimaeus (Luke 19:1-10)Open in Google Maps
BethanyLazarus raised (John 11)Open in Google Maps
JerusalemThe cross and the empty tombOpen in Google Maps
BethlehemWhere he was born (Luke 2:4-7)Open in Google Maps

Timeline

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